Networking commands

PowerShell Get-DnsClientServerAddress→resolvectl dns Quick reference DNS Show resolver DNS servers Prints DNS servers known to systemd-resolved. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu resolvectl dns Fedora resolvectl dns Arch resolvectl dns Open quick reference → PowerShell Set-DnsClientServerAddress→nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1" Quick reference DNS Set DNS resolver Sets DNS servers on a NetworkManager connection. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1" Fedora nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1" Arch nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1" Open quick reference → Resolve-DnsName -Type MX→dig MX example.com Quick reference DNS Query MX records Looks up mail-exchanger DNS records. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu dig MX example.com Fedora dig MX example.com Arch dig MX example.com Open quick reference → Resolve-DnsName -Type TXT→dig TXT example.com Quick reference DNS Query TXT records Looks up TXT DNS records. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu dig TXT example.com Fedora dig TXT example.com Arch dig TXT example.com Open quick reference → ipconfig /displaydns→resolvectl statistics Quick reference DNS Inspect DNS resolver cache status Shows resolver/cache statistics on systemd-resolved systems. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu resolvectl statistics Fedora resolvectl statistics Arch resolvectl statistics Open quick reference → netsh interface ipv4 set dns→nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1 8.8.8.8" Quick reference DNS Set DNS servers Configures DNS servers for a NetworkManager connection. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1 8.8.8.8" Fedora nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1 8.8.8.8" Arch nmcli con mod "CONNECTION" ipv4.dns "1.1.1.1 8.8.8.8" Open quick reference → netsh interface ipv4 show dnsservers→nmcli device show | grep DNS Quick reference DNS Show DNS servers Displays DNS servers assigned to active network devices. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli device show | grep DNS Fedora nmcli device show | grep DNS Arch nmcli device show | grep DNS Open quick reference → PowerShell Test-Connection→ping host Quick reference Diagnostics Send ICMP echo requests Tests reachability with ICMP pings. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ping host Fedora ping host Arch ping host Open quick reference → Test-NetConnection -Port→nc -vz host 443 Quick reference Diagnostics Test TCP port Checks whether a TCP port accepts connections. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nc -vz host 443 Fedora nc -vz host 443 Arch nc -vz host 443 Open quick reference → Test-NetConnection -TraceRoute→traceroute host Quick reference Diagnostics Trace network route Shows hop-by-hop path to a target. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu traceroute host Fedora traceroute host Arch traceroute host Open quick reference → portqry→nc -vz host port Quick reference Diagnostics Query TCP port Tests if a remote TCP port is reachable. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nc -vz host port Fedora nc -vz host port Arch nc -vz host port Open quick reference → Invoke-WebRequest -OutFile→curl -L -o file URL Quick reference HTTP Download web file Downloads a URL to a specific output file. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu curl -L -o file URL Fedora curl -L -o file URL Arch curl -L -o file URL Open quick reference → curl.exe -L→curl -L URL Quick reference HTTP Follow redirects Downloads or requests a URL while following redirects. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu curl -L URL Fedora curl -L URL Arch curl -L URL Open quick reference → curl.exe -o→curl -L -o file URL Quick reference HTTP Download URL to file Saves an HTTP response to a local file. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu curl -L -o file URL Fedora curl -L -o file URL Arch curl -L -o file URL Open quick reference → curl.exe headers→curl -I URL Quick reference HTTP Show HTTP headers Requests only HTTP response headers. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu curl -I URL Fedora curl -I URL Arch curl -I URL Open quick reference → openssl TLS test→openssl s_client -connect host:443 -servername host Quick reference HTTP Inspect TLS connection Connects to a TLS service and prints certificate details. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu openssl s_client -connect host:443 -servername host Fedora openssl s_client -connect host:443 -servername host Arch openssl s_client -connect host:443 -servername host Open quick reference → PowerShell Get-NetAdapter→ip link show Quick reference IP configuration List network adapters Shows network interfaces and link state. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip link show Fedora ip link show Arch ip link show Open quick reference → PowerShell Get-NetIPAddress→ip addr show Quick reference IP configuration List IP addresses Shows IP addresses assigned to network interfaces. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip addr show Fedora ip addr show Arch ip addr show Open quick reference → ipconfig /all→ip addr && nmcli device show Quick reference IP configuration Show full network configuration Displays addresses, interfaces, DNS and connection details. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip addr && nmcli device show Fedora ip addr && nmcli device show Arch ip addr && nmcli device show Open quick reference → Resolve-DnsName→dig example.com Expanded guide Networking Query DNS records Looks up DNS records such as A, AAAA, MX, TXT and NS entries. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu dig example.com Fedora dig example.com Arch dig example.com Open expanded guide → Test-NetConnection→nc -vz host port Expanded guide Networking Test a TCP port or web endpoint Checks whether a remote host and port accept connections, or whether an HTTP endpoint responds. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nc -vz host port Fedora nc -vz host port Arch nc -vz host port Open expanded guide → arp -a→ip neigh show Expanded guide Networking Show the neighbor table Displays recently discovered IP-to-MAC address mappings for devices on local networks. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip neigh show Fedora ip neigh show Arch ip neigh show Open expanded guide → bitsadmin /transfer→wget -c URL Expanded guide Networking Download a file non-interactively Downloads files from HTTP, HTTPS or FTP sources from a script or terminal session. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu wget -c URL Fedora wget -c URL Arch wget -c URL Open expanded guide → ftp→scp / sftp Expanded guide Networking Transfer files over network Transfers files between computers over a network. Linux has several options with different security levels. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu scp / sftp Fedora scp / sftp Arch scp / sftp Open expanded guide → getmac→ip link show Expanded guide Networking Display MAC addresses of network interfaces Shows the hardware (MAC) address of each network interface card. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip link show Fedora ip link show Arch ip link show Open expanded guide → hostname→hostnamectl Expanded guide Networking Show or change the computer name Displays the current host name and, with administrator privileges, changes the persistent system host name. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu hostnamectl Fedora hostnamectl Arch hostnamectl Open expanded guide → ipconfig→ip addr show Expanded guide Networking Show network configuration Displays IP addresses, network interfaces, and connection details. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip addr show Fedora ip addr show Arch ip addr show Open expanded guide → ipconfig /flushdns→systemd-resolve --flush-caches Expanded guide Networking Flush the DNS resolver cache Clears locally cached DNS records, forcing fresh lookups on the next DNS request. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo resolvectl flush-caches Fedora sudo resolvectl flush-caches Arch sudo resolvectl flush-caches Open expanded guide → ipconfig /release and /renew→dhclient Expanded guide Networking Release and renew DHCP lease Releases the current DHCP IP address and requests a new one from the DHCP server. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu dhclient Fedora dhclient Arch dhclient Open expanded guide → net time / w32tm→timedatectl Expanded guide Networking View and sync system time via NTP Shows time synchronisation status and synchronises the system clock with an NTP time server. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu timedatectl Fedora timedatectl Arch timedatectl Open expanded guide → net use→mount / smbclient Expanded guide Networking Connect to network shares Mounts a network share (Windows SMB/CIFS share or NFS) so you can access it like a local folder. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu mount / smbclient Fedora mount / smbclient Arch mount / smbclient Open expanded guide → net view→smbclient -L / nmap -sn Expanded guide Networking View computers and shares on the network Lists computers visible on the local network and shared resources on a specific host. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu smbclient -L / nmap -sn Fedora smbclient -L / nmap -sn Arch smbclient -L / nmap -sn Open expanded guide → netsh int ip set address (static IP)→nmcli con mod Expanded guide Networking Configure a static IP address Assigns a permanent static IP address to a network interface using NetworkManager. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli con mod CONNECTION ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.50/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 ipv4.method manual Fedora nmcli con mod CONNECTION ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.50/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 ipv4.method manual Arch nmcli con mod CONNECTION ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.50/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 ipv4.method manual Open expanded guide → netsh interface show interface→ip link show Expanded guide Networking List network interfaces Displays network interfaces and whether each link is up or down. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip link show Fedora ip link show Arch ip link show Open expanded guide → netsh winhttp show proxy→env | grep -i proxy Expanded guide Networking Inspect proxy settings Shows proxy environment variables used by command-line applications and package managers. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu env | grep -i proxy Fedora env | grep -i proxy Arch env | grep -i proxy Open expanded guide → netsh wlan show interfaces→nmcli device show Expanded guide Networking Inspect the active Wi-Fi connection Shows wireless interfaces, connection state, SSID, signal and other Wi-Fi information. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli device show Fedora nmcli device show Arch nmcli device show Open expanded guide → netsh wlan show networks→nmcli device wifi list Expanded guide Networking Scan for nearby Wi-Fi networks Lists visible wireless networks, channels, signal strength and security information. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli device wifi list Fedora nmcli device wifi list Arch nmcli device wifi list Open expanded guide → netsh wlan show profiles→nmcli Expanded guide Networking Manage Wi-Fi connections Lists, connects to, and manages wireless network profiles. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli Fedora nmcli Arch nmcli Open expanded guide → netstat→ss -tuln Expanded guide Networking Show network connections Displays active network connections, listening ports, and socket statistics. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ss -tuln Fedora ss -tuln Arch ss -tuln Open expanded guide → nmap (Nmap for Windows)→nmap Expanded guide Networking Network port scanner and host discovery Scans networks and hosts to discover open ports, running services, OS versions, and security issues. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmap Fedora nmap Arch nmap Open expanded guide → nslookup→dig / nslookup Expanded guide Networking Look up DNS records Queries DNS servers to resolve hostnames to IP addresses and inspect DNS records. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu dig / nslookup Fedora dig / nslookup Arch dig / nslookup Open expanded guide → pathping→mtr Expanded guide Networking Combined ping and traceroute with statistics Continuously monitors each network hop showing real-time packet loss and latency per hop. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu mtr Fedora mtr Arch mtr Open expanded guide → ping→ping Expanded guide Networking Test network connectivity Sends ICMP echo requests to test if a host is reachable. Same name, but runs forever by default on Linux. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ping Fedora ping Arch ping Open expanded guide → pktmon→sudo tcpdump -i any Expanded guide Networking Capture network packets Captures packets from network interfaces for troubleshooting and protocol analysis. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo tcpdump -i any Fedora sudo tcpdump -i any Arch sudo tcpdump -i any Open expanded guide → route print→ip route show Expanded guide Networking Show the routing table Displays routes used to decide where network traffic should be sent. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip route show Fedora ip route show Arch ip route show Open expanded guide → scp→scp file user@host:/path/ Expanded guide Networking Copy files over SSH Transfers files or directories securely between local and remote systems. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu scp file user@host:/path/ Fedora scp file user@host:/path/ Arch scp file user@host:/path/ Open expanded guide → ssh→ssh user@host Expanded guide Networking Open a secure remote shell Connects securely to a remote Linux, Unix or SSH-enabled system. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ssh user@host Fedora ssh user@host Arch ssh user@host Open expanded guide → telnet→nc host port Expanded guide Networking Open a basic TCP connection Connects to a TCP host and port for simple protocol testing and troubleshooting. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nc host port Fedora nc host port Arch nc host port Open expanded guide → tracert→traceroute Expanded guide Networking Trace network route to host Shows each network hop between your machine and a destination, helping diagnose where connections slow down or fail. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu traceroute Fedora traceroute Arch traceroute Open expanded guide → pktmon start→sudo tcpdump -i any Quick reference Packet Capture Capture packets Captures packets on all interfaces. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo tcpdump -i any Fedora sudo tcpdump -i any Arch sudo tcpdump -i any Open quick reference → pktmon stop→pkill tcpdump Quick reference Packet Capture Stop packet capture Stops a running tcpdump process. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu pkill tcpdump Fedora pkill tcpdump Arch pkill tcpdump Open quick reference → PowerShell Get-NetTCPConnection→ss -tuna Quick reference Ports List TCP connections Lists active TCP sockets and states. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ss -tuna Fedora ss -tuna Arch ss -tuna Open quick reference → netstat -ab→sudo ss -tulpn Quick reference Ports Show programs using ports Shows listening sockets and process names with privileges. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo ss -tulpn Fedora sudo ss -tulpn Arch sudo ss -tulpn Open quick reference → netstat -ano→ss -tunlp Quick reference Ports Show listening ports and processes Lists TCP/UDP sockets with process information. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ss -tunlp Fedora ss -tunlp Arch ss -tunlp Open quick reference → netstat -s→ss -s Quick reference Ports Show socket statistics Summarizes TCP/UDP socket state counts. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ss -s Fedora ss -s Arch ss -s Open quick reference → mstsc→xfreerdp /v:HOST /u:USER Quick reference Remote Access Remote desktop client Connects to an RDP server from Linux. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu xfreerdp /v:HOST /u:USER Fedora xfreerdp /v:HOST /u:USER Arch xfreerdp /v:HOST /u:USER Open quick reference → arp -d→sudo ip neigh flush all Quick reference Routes/Neighbors Clear ARP/neighbor cache Flushes the neighbor table. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo ip neigh flush all Fedora sudo ip neigh flush all Arch sudo ip neigh flush all Open quick reference → arp -s→sudo ip neigh add IP lladdr MAC dev IFACE Quick reference Routes/Neighbors Add static neighbor entry Adds a static IP-to-MAC neighbor mapping. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo ip neigh add IP lladdr MAC dev IFACE Fedora sudo ip neigh add IP lladdr MAC dev IFACE Arch sudo ip neigh add IP lladdr MAC dev IFACE Open quick reference → netstat -rn→ip route Quick reference Routes/Neighbors Show routing table Prints routes in the kernel routing table. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu ip route Fedora ip route Arch ip route Open quick reference → route add→sudo ip route add 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 Quick reference Routes/Neighbors Add route Adds a route to the kernel routing table. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo ip route add 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 Fedora sudo ip route add 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 Arch sudo ip route add 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 Open quick reference → route change→sudo ip route replace 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.254 Quick reference Routes/Neighbors Replace route Changes a route atomically by replacing it. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo ip route replace 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.254 Fedora sudo ip route replace 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.254 Arch sudo ip route replace 10.0.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.254 Open quick reference → route delete→sudo ip route del 10.0.0.0/24 Quick reference Routes/Neighbors Delete route Removes a route from the kernel routing table. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo ip route del 10.0.0.0/24 Fedora sudo ip route del 10.0.0.0/24 Arch sudo ip route del 10.0.0.0/24 Open quick reference → nbtstat -A→nmblookup -A IP Quick reference SMB Query NetBIOS name table Looks up NetBIOS names for a host. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmblookup -A IP Fedora nmblookup -A IP Arch nmblookup -A IP Open quick reference → net share→net usershare list Quick reference SMB List Samba user shares Lists Samba user shares on Linux. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu net usershare list Fedora net usershare list Arch net usershare list Open quick reference → net use Z: /delete→sudo umount /mnt/share Quick reference SMB Unmount SMB share Unmounts a mounted SMB/CIFS share. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo umount /mnt/share Fedora sudo umount /mnt/share Arch sudo umount /mnt/share Open quick reference → net use Z: \server\share→sudo mount -t cifs //server/share /mnt/share -o username=user Quick reference SMB Mount SMB share Mounts a Windows/Samba share into the Linux filesystem. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu sudo mount -t cifs //server/share /mnt/share -o username=user Fedora sudo mount -t cifs //server/share /mnt/share -o username=user Arch sudo mount -t cifs //server/share /mnt/share -o username=user Open quick reference → net view \server→smbclient -L //server -U user Quick reference SMB List SMB shares Lists shares exposed by an SMB server. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu smbclient -L //server -U user Fedora smbclient -L //server -U user Arch smbclient -L //server -U user Open quick reference → netsh wlan add profile→nmcli connection import type wifi file profile.nmconnection Quick reference Wi-Fi Import connection profile Imports a NetworkManager connection profile. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli connection import type wifi file profile.nmconnection Fedora nmcli connection import type wifi file profile.nmconnection Arch nmcli connection import type wifi file profile.nmconnection Open quick reference → netsh wlan connect→nmcli device wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD" Quick reference Wi-Fi Connect to Wi-Fi Connects to a wireless network from the terminal. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli device wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD" Fedora nmcli device wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD" Arch nmcli device wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD" Open quick reference → netsh wlan delete profile→nmcli connection delete "SSID" Quick reference Wi-Fi Delete saved Wi-Fi profile Removes a saved NetworkManager connection profile. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli connection delete "SSID" Fedora nmcli connection delete "SSID" Arch nmcli connection delete "SSID" Open quick reference → netsh wlan export profile→nmcli connection export "SSID" Quick reference Wi-Fi Export connection profile Exports a NetworkManager connection profile. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli connection export "SSID" Fedora nmcli connection export "SSID" Arch nmcli connection export "SSID" Open quick reference → netsh wlan show profile key=clear→nmcli connection show "SSID" --show-secrets Quick reference Wi-Fi Show saved Wi-Fi profile Shows saved Wi-Fi connection details and secrets when permitted. Distro equivalents Debian/Ubuntu nmcli connection show "SSID" --show-secrets Fedora nmcli connection show "SSID" --show-secrets Arch nmcli connection show "SSID" --show-secrets Open quick reference →